What’s the best way to JavaScript convert number to string?

What’s the best way to JavaScript convert number to string? I’m looking for the most efficient method in terms of speed, clarity, and memory usage.

Here are some examples I’m considering:

String(n)
n.toString()
"" + n
n + ""

Which method is recommended?

This method is straightforward and clear, explicitly showing that you’re converting a number to a string. It’s efficient and widely used, making it a great choice for readability and understanding.

let num = 123;
let str = String(num); // "123"

This method is also clear and effectively converts a number to a string. It’s a bit more object-oriented, as it calls a method on the number itself. It’s generally efficient and commonly used in practice.

let num = 123;
let str = num.toString(); // "123"

You can also use “” + n or n + “”

This method uses string concatenation to convert the number to a string. While it can be the fastest in certain cases, it may be less clear to those unfamiliar with the trick. It’s not recommended if code clarity is a priority.

let num = 123;
let str = "" + num; // "123"